Promotions: The Good, The Bad, and the Ugly

Promotions are the sugar rush of business strategy: make it fun, inviting, cheap, loud, and impossible to ignore. You dangle a deal, people show up. It’s Pavlovian. It works … but sometimes it goes horribly awry.

Baseball has two legendary reminders:

First, 10-cent Beer Night. Cleveland Indians, 1974.

Attendance was low, morale was lower, and the concept was simple: ultra-cheap beer to boost attendance. Which is a bit like solving a small fire with gasoline because it’s convenient and nearby.

Fans showed up, drank accordingly, and by mid-game fans weren’t so much watching baseball as participating in a kind of participatory performance art involving streaking, fights, and the slow unraveling of social order. The field became less a playing surface and more a battleground. Players had to defend themselves. The game was forfeited … but … attendance did  improve.

Then there’s Disco Demolition Night. Chicago White Socks 1979.

This one wasn’t about cheap beer (though, let’s be honest, beer was not not involved). It was about tapping into a cultural moment, specifically, the growing backlash against disco music. The promotion: bring a disco record, get in cheap, and watch it get blown up between games of a doubleheader.

Again, the premise feels clever in that slightly mischievous way marketers love. It’s edgy. It’s topical. It gives people a sense of participation, like they’re part of something bigger than themselves. But here’s the thing about tapping into cultural frustration: it can’t always be neatly packaged and it doesn’t come with a volume knob.

The explosion happened, and then so did everything else: fans rushed the field, fires started, and the night unraveled fast. The second game never stood a chance.

What ties these together isn’t just chaos, it’s optimism. Attendance was down, fans were not enthusiastic. So someone thought they could generate some fun and excitement. And they were, right ... up until fun tipped into something harder to control.

The variable is people. They’re like the weather: mostly manageable, occasionally unpredictable, and very capable of turning on you if you misread the conditions.

I’m not against bold ideas. Safe is forgettable. But there’s a difference between taking a risk and lighting a fuse. And those baseball promotions did work … just not in the way anyone intended. Which points out the quiet warning buried in all good promotions: attention can be easy to get ... control not so much.

Just ask Red Lobster about the “endless shrimp” promotion that helped push the seafood chain into bankruptcy.

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If you’re still in the mood, here are a few more disastrous promotions:

Pepsi – Pepsi Points Harrier Jet Promotion (1990s)

A tongue-in-cheek ad suggested you could redeem points for a military jet. One guy tried. Lawsuit followed. Pepsi argued it was a joke; the court agreed … but not before the brand learned that consumers don’t always hear “just kidding.”

Hoover Company – Free Flights Promotion (1992)

Buy a vacuum, get two free airline tickets. Sounds harmless until too many participate. The cost of honoring the deal nearly sank the company’s European division. A vacuum cleaner is not supposed to come with international travel.

McDonald's – Monopoly Promotion Fraud (1990s–2001)

The popular Monopoly game was rigged from the inside … major prizes were stolen and distributed through a network. Not exactly the brand story you want when your whole campaign is built on chance and trust.

Snapple – Giant Popsicle Stunt (2005)

They built a 25-foot popsicle in New York City to set a record. It quickly melted, flooding the street in sticky kiwi-strawberry sludge that firefighters had to hose down. Nobody was happy except the rats and flies.